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Why DIY Investing Is Risky

Ever since the first proto-human took a proto-wrench to a proto-pipe and grunted that he could fix the proto-plumbing by himself, a strain of DIY stubbornness has dogged our species, spawning a tribe of misguided folk who try things that they really shouldn’t or can’t do.

“Most people don’t attempt to repair their own car or to diagnose a health ailment, but may have built up a false sense of confidence with their ability to manage their own investments,” says Jon Ulin, managing principal of Ulin & Co. Wealth Management, a branch office of LPL Financial in Boca Raton, Florida.

Now it makes sense that if a wealth manager like Ulin spends years studying the art and science of investing, and a career honing the practice of it, anyone with a portfolio could benefit, right?

[See: Avoid These 8 Rookie Investing Mistakes.]

But wait a minute. That smacks of applying common sense to an investment world former Federal Reserve Chairman Alan Greenspan once characterized with the words “irrational exuberance.” Or a 1999 dot.com crash that could only be described with a kiddie word: “bubble.” Experts talk, yet those who can benefit most from their wisdom refuse to listen. What gives?

Often, that’s tough to say — though in many cases, pride goeth before a share price fall.

“People tend to view their investment decisions through their own unique lens, relying on gut feelings and mental shortcuts,” says Paul Bennett, managing director of United Capital’s office in Great Falls, Virginia, and author of “The Money Navigator.” “Many of us don’t realize how our money and emotions are bound together. When you put it all together, you get a high tendency to fall into decision traps and miss out on possible gains.”

“Self-advisors rarely know when to sell an investment,” adds Oliver Lee, owner of The Strategic Planning Group in Lake Orion, Michigan. “Advisors like myself know the rules and use fact-based modules to determine when a stock should be sold. Self-advisors don’t have rules or are unable to stick to them.”

Actually they often do have a rule, though it’s the most pointless of all: market timing. Just about every serious investment expert has dismissed the theory that an investor can profitably buy and sell by predicting future stock movements.

“Don’t fool yourself into thinking you can correctly call a market top or bottom, as most of the so-called ‘experts’ cannot do so themselves,” Ulin says. “Market timing involves making two distinct decisions — when to sell and when to buy. Many of us cannot correctly make one of those decisions otherwise both.”

Still that doesn’t stop many in the DIY crowd from trying, even if billionaires Warren Buffett and Charles Brandes made their respective fortunes by going in the exact opposite direction with a “buy-and-hold” strategy.

[See: 10 Skills the Best Investors Have.]

To be sure, some people have done it their way and made money. Witness anyone who bought bitcoin in 2013. Back then the cryptocurrency was worth about $100. Today it’s at an all-time high of $5,700. Even since this past January — when one bitcoin fetched $1,000 — the price jump has been astronomical.

Then again, DIY investors once had the same enthusiasm for famous flameouts such as Enron and Bear Stearns. Or: buying stocks on margin in 1929. It’s a story as old as the Dutch Tulip Mania of 1637, when crazed speculation over the bulbs meant lights out for green and greedy investors.

But that’s definitely not to say that DIYers can’t feed an independent streak in a responsible way.

“Investors can avail themselves of the most popular publications that served shareholders before the internet age,” says Alex Calderone, managing director of the Birmingham, Michigan-based Calderone Advisory Group.

The digital age has also meant an avalanche of great information (and lousy stuff, too, oft pitched via spam or infomercial).

“If anything, investors will be challenged not by a shortage of investing tools and opinions, but by too many,” Calderone says. “As a result, every investor soon learns that they’ll need to narrow their focus down to those tools and opinions that are compatible with their specific investment interests.”

Old school or new, you might want to make a beeline for a timeless classic: “The Intelligent Investor,” a 1949 book by Benjamin Graham. They may call Buffett the Oracle of Omaha but for him, Graham is the guru; after reading the book, Buffett studied under the British-born economist at Columbia Business School. Buffett has since praised the writing as “by far the best book about investing ever written” — and Graham as the second most influential person in his life, after his father.

[See: 7 Investment Fees You Might Not Realize You’re Paying.]

Right now you can buy used copies of “The Intelligent Investor” for as little as seven bucks. Considering it’s made some people piles and piles and piles of money in the 10 digits, that’s an even better investment than early bitcoin.

More from U.S. News

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Why DIY Investing Is Risky originally appeared on usnews.com

Don’t Settle for Student Loans to Pay for Online Education

Online college programs are becoming a more popular choice for prospective students, with one study finding that more than 6 million students enrolled in at least one online course in fall 2015. The popularity of these courses can be attributed in part to their flexibility with working adults' schedules, students' ability to progress more quickly through online programs and, oftentimes, cheaper tuition. [See 10 low-cost online bachelor's programs for out-of-state students.]Online degrees can be beneficial to many college students, but some studies have shown online learners complete their programs at lower rates than students at traditional brick-and-mortar campuses. Individuals with student loans but no degree comprise two-thirds of defaulted borrowers. Though these numbers are not encouraging, just like for traditional programs, there are ways to reduce how much you'll need to borrow for an online program to ensure you won't become one of these statistics. Don't just settle on borrowing student loans to cover the whole cost of your program and living expenses. Instead, start thinking about how to cut costs and cover your balance in different ways, such as the following. -- Grants and scholarships: Even though you are taking an online course, you can still apply and receive grants and scholarships. But your first step should be to complete the Free Application for Federal Student Aid, commonly referred to as the FAFSA, which will allow you to receive a Pell Grant if your expected family contribution is low enough. The EFC criteria and award amounts are adjusted annually, but the 2017-2018 academic year awards range from $606 to $5,920, which could significantly lower the amount you borrow annually. Your next step is to apply for scholarships. You can start by checking online scholarship search engines, such as the Salt Scholarship Search, College Board's BigFuture and Peterson's. But don't forget to take advantage of local organizations and your school's financial aid office. Both may offer scholarships that you can't find with a national scholarship search. [Review these 10 sites to kick off your scholarship search.]For instance, organizations like the Elks Club, Knights of Columbus or the Rotary Club typically offer scholarships annually to local students. Just because you're going to school online doesn't mean you're ineligible. Visit your local library for scholarship listings, and ask around town. You might be surprised how many local organizations offer scholarships. While these scholarships typically aren't large, every little bit counts. Each dollar you receive in a scholarship is a dollar you don't have to borrow and pay interest on. -- Work-study: Another option for online students may be work-study awards. Not all students enrolled in online programs are eligible, but students at some schools -- including, for example, SUNY Empire State College and Liberty University -- are. Work-study awards are not given upfront like scholarships and grants. In most cases, they are an offer to earn up to the awarded amount if you secure an eligible work-study job. While there is a misconception that all work-study jobs must be on campus, students can work for off-campus, nonprofit or public employers as long as the work is in the public's interest. You may be able to work for a for-profit employer if the job is relevant to your course of study. No matter who the outside employer is, it will need to have an established agreement with your college for you to receive work-study funds. Remember, to be eligible for federal financial aid, you must be enrolled and pursuing a degree or certificate. If you're not working toward a credential, Pell Grants and work-study won't be option, but you may still be able to take advantage of private scholarships -- just be sure to read the eligibility criteria carefully. [Explore what to know about financial aid in online programs.]-- Pay as you go: One of the great benefits to enrolling online is the flexible schedule, which can allow you to complete your college coursework around your responsibilities. But prospective students often overlook using their part- or full-time job earnings as an option for paying for college. Almost 80 percent of college students in 2015 worked at least part time while attending classes, according to the National Center for Education Statistics. By budgeting and thinking strategically about your college costs, you can likely reduce your dependence on student loans by paying a portion out of pocket. Many -- but not all -- online programs are less expensive than traditional programs and often have shorter payment periods. Six, eight or 10 weeks are common course durations. Because of the frequency of payments in an online setting, you may be well-placed to pay as you go and possibly avoid borrowing altogether. Attending college online and avoiding student loans may be challenging, but if you are willing to put in the effort, you can limit the amount you need to borrow. More from U.S. News Q&A: Understanding Student Loan Discharge Eligibility Student Loan Refinancing Isn't Right for All Borrowers
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