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Your Kids Want Your Money: How to Juggle Retirement, College and Wedding Expectations

Growing up is expensive. When young adults want to get married, that may mean a lavish wedding to kick off the partnership. Buying a house could require a bigger down payment than the money they have in the bank. And nothing seems to financially weigh down young adults more than the cost of college and the student loan debt that often comes with it.

“That’s a millstone around many young people’s necks, so parents feel an obligation to help,” says Travis Sollinger, a certified financial planner and director of financial planning for Fort Pitt Capital Group in Pittsburgh. The only problem is that in doing so, parents may be putting their own financial future in jeopardy.

[Read: Are Your Kids Ruining Your Retirement Plans?]

There are no scholarships for retirement. Financial planners are quick to note young adults can earn scholarships for college, but there is nothing comparable for their parents in retirement. Those who don’t save enough for the final years may find themselves without many options. “The danger is that they may end up living in the basement of that adult kid someday,” says Shanna Tingom, co-founder of Heritage Financial Strategies in Gilbert, Arizona.

That can have a spin-off effect for generations to come, says Jennifer L. FitzPatrick, author of “Cruising Through Caregiving: Reducing the Stress of Caring for Your Loved One.” “Nursing homes and assisted living communities can cost up to $100,000 per year in some geographic areas.” Having to absorb even a portion of that cost can wipe out adult children’s financial resources, making it impossible for them to save for their own retirement and thus repeating the cycle with their kids.

It all begins with a budget. When children do come calling for a financial loan or gift, parents should look at their budget first before agreeing to fund college, a wedding or another want. “A lot of people miss this step and just start throwing money at these things,” says Tiffany Welka, vice president of financial firm VFG Associates in Livonia, Michigan.

Sollinger says another mistake people make is thinking they can pause their retirement savings for a few years while they help pay for college. “There is always a baseline of retirement savings you have to maintain,” he says. Once you reduce or stop your retirement savings, it may be difficult to resume later. When parents review their household budget to determine what they can afford, it shouldn’t involve any change to their retirement savings level.

[Read: Kids Headed to College? Don’t Let Them Delay Your Retirement Plans.]

No requirement to help. Beyond calculating what they can afford, parents should consider their personal preferences. “As a parent myself, I feel my only obligation is to raise my boys to be happy, healthy and well-equipped to function in the real world,” says Nicholas Hughes, a wealth advisor with Franklin Wealth Management in Hixson, Tennessee.

Not every parent feels an obligation to pay for expenses associated with the transition to adulthood. What’s more, in some situations, providing help can actually be detrimental. “Another danger is that [parents] are actually not helping but hurting them by enabling bad behavior,” Tingom says. If a parent is constantly footing the bill, young adults might not be motivated to rein in spending, make a budget or otherwise take control of their finances.

Parents should communicate their plans for providing help, but only once they have decided for themselves what, if any, level of support is appropriate. “I would make sure that you have a thorough handle on what your own immediate and longer-term financial needs are before broaching the topic with your children, so you can stick to your guns and not allow feelings of guilt to sway you into an unwise financial move,” Hughes says.

[See: 10 Ways to Get Ready for Retirement After Age 50.]

Saving for both at the same time. When it comes to saving for retirement and college, Hughes asks: Why not do both at the same time? By investing in a Roth IRA, you can put money aside to grow for retirement, but also have access to capital that can be used for college or other expenses. The principal in a Roth account has already been taxed and can be withdrawn without any additional fees. Money in a traditional IRA is also not subject to the early withdrawal penalty if used to directly pay for college costs, but a withdrawal will trigger income tax and could impact financial aid.

However, some families might find this approach does not allow them to save enough for college and retirement. Roth contributions are limited to $5,500 per year for those under age 50, far below what can be deposited in a tax-advantaged 529 college savings plan. Plus, there are income limits on who can contribute to Roth IRAs.

While this might not be the best strategy for everyone, it’s one example of how you don’t necessarily have to choose between college and retirement savings. “Obviously, everyone wants what’s best for their kids,” Welka says. The key is to find a way to feel good about helping your children without sacrificing your future financial security.

More from U.S. News

How to Pay Less Tax on Retirement Account Withdrawals

10 Costs to Include in Your Retirement Budget

9 Ways to Avoid 401(k) Fees and Penalties

Your Kids Want Your Money: How to Juggle Retirement, College and Wedding Expectations originally appeared on usnews.com

Don’t Settle for Student Loans to Pay for Online Education

Online college programs are becoming a more popular choice for prospective students, with one study finding that more than 6 million students enrolled in at least one online course in fall 2015. The popularity of these courses can be attributed in part to their flexibility with working adults' schedules, students' ability to progress more quickly through online programs and, oftentimes, cheaper tuition. [See 10 low-cost online bachelor's programs for out-of-state students.]Online degrees can be beneficial to many college students, but some studies have shown online learners complete their programs at lower rates than students at traditional brick-and-mortar campuses. Individuals with student loans but no degree comprise two-thirds of defaulted borrowers. Though these numbers are not encouraging, just like for traditional programs, there are ways to reduce how much you'll need to borrow for an online program to ensure you won't become one of these statistics. Don't just settle on borrowing student loans to cover the whole cost of your program and living expenses. Instead, start thinking about how to cut costs and cover your balance in different ways, such as the following. -- Grants and scholarships: Even though you are taking an online course, you can still apply and receive grants and scholarships. But your first step should be to complete the Free Application for Federal Student Aid, commonly referred to as the FAFSA, which will allow you to receive a Pell Grant if your expected family contribution is low enough. The EFC criteria and award amounts are adjusted annually, but the 2017-2018 academic year awards range from $606 to $5,920, which could significantly lower the amount you borrow annually. Your next step is to apply for scholarships. You can start by checking online scholarship search engines, such as the Salt Scholarship Search, College Board's BigFuture and Peterson's. But don't forget to take advantage of local organizations and your school's financial aid office. Both may offer scholarships that you can't find with a national scholarship search. [Review these 10 sites to kick off your scholarship search.]For instance, organizations like the Elks Club, Knights of Columbus or the Rotary Club typically offer scholarships annually to local students. Just because you're going to school online doesn't mean you're ineligible. Visit your local library for scholarship listings, and ask around town. You might be surprised how many local organizations offer scholarships. While these scholarships typically aren't large, every little bit counts. Each dollar you receive in a scholarship is a dollar you don't have to borrow and pay interest on. -- Work-study: Another option for online students may be work-study awards. Not all students enrolled in online programs are eligible, but students at some schools -- including, for example, SUNY Empire State College and Liberty University -- are. Work-study awards are not given upfront like scholarships and grants. In most cases, they are an offer to earn up to the awarded amount if you secure an eligible work-study job. While there is a misconception that all work-study jobs must be on campus, students can work for off-campus, nonprofit or public employers as long as the work is in the public's interest. You may be able to work for a for-profit employer if the job is relevant to your course of study. No matter who the outside employer is, it will need to have an established agreement with your college for you to receive work-study funds. Remember, to be eligible for federal financial aid, you must be enrolled and pursuing a degree or certificate. If you're not working toward a credential, Pell Grants and work-study won't be option, but you may still be able to take advantage of private scholarships -- just be sure to read the eligibility criteria carefully. [Explore what to know about financial aid in online programs.]-- Pay as you go: One of the great benefits to enrolling online is the flexible schedule, which can allow you to complete your college coursework around your responsibilities. But prospective students often overlook using their part- or full-time job earnings as an option for paying for college. Almost 80 percent of college students in 2015 worked at least part time while attending classes, according to the National Center for Education Statistics. By budgeting and thinking strategically about your college costs, you can likely reduce your dependence on student loans by paying a portion out of pocket. Many -- but not all -- online programs are less expensive than traditional programs and often have shorter payment periods. Six, eight or 10 weeks are common course durations. Because of the frequency of payments in an online setting, you may be well-placed to pay as you go and possibly avoid borrowing altogether. Attending college online and avoiding student loans may be challenging, but if you are willing to put in the effort, you can limit the amount you need to borrow. More from U.S. News Q&A: Understanding Student Loan Discharge Eligibility Student Loan Refinancing Isn't Right for All Borrowers
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