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Progressive Voice: Why Medicaid Expansion Matters to Arlington

Progressive Voice is a weekly opinion column. It is written by a rotating group of contributors. The views and opinions expressed in this column are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of ARLnow.com.

Terry SavelaLast week, the Arlington County Board passed a structurally sound, fiscally responsible budget that provides funding for core services, fully funds our schools, invests in needed community improvements, and lowers the tax rate.

Meanwhile, we continue to wait for Republicans in the House of Delegates in Richmond to show that they are ready to get serious about passing a responsible budget.

The House has rejected Governor McAuliffe’s budget and refused to consider the Virginia Senate’s bipartisan budget because both include a plan for expanding Medicaid — through a private marketplace mechanism at no extra cost to state taxpayers.

Indeed, Medicaid expansion would return to Virginia approximately $5 million per day in taxes already paid by Virginians to the federal government — taxes paid disproportionately by Arlingtonians and other Northern Virginians.

Instead, Virginia’s federal tax dollars are being diverted to pay for Medicaid expansion in OTHER states, while in Arlington, as elsewhere in Virginia, the burden falls on local governments and health care facilities – hospitals emergency rooms and public clinics – to provide health care for poor and uninsured Virginians in some of the costliest ways of doing so and without money and cost control programs the federal government provides to states expanding Medicaid.

It gets worse. Apparently not concerned about the harmful effects of the federal government shutdown last year, the Virginia House Republicans are following a strategy that could lead to a shutdown of state services in Arlington and across Virginia when the fiscal year ends on June 30.

Arlingtonians will be harmed directly and indirectly by the House’s refusal to negotiate. Those not currently covered by Medicaid with incomes less than the federal poverty level ($11,670 for a single adult in 2014, or $23,850 for a family of four) will not have access to affordable health coverage, including subsidies for private insurance provided by the ACA to higher income working poor, and will continue relying on emergency rooms and public clinics for health care. They will also remain at risk of losing everything they have in the event of a serious illness or injury. And insured Arlingtonians pay higher health care costs when our hospitals and clinics meet their requirement to care for the uninsured by spreading the costs to those who can afford to pay through insurance or out of pocket payments..

Under the private marketplace plan proposed by Governor McAuliffe and the Senate, health care coverage would be extended to Virginians earning up to 133 percent of the federal poverty level at the exclusive expense of the federal government. Virginia’s share of the expense for this coverage would increase to 10% over an eight-year period, but Virginia can opt out of the system at any time if the benefits to the Commonwealth’s economy, resulting growth in jobs, improved health of low-income Virginians, and lower overall health care cost increases for all Virginians forecast by numerous nonpartisan groups are insufficient to justify the program.

Without Medicaid expansion, Virginia and Arlington will still have to adjust to other ACA changes designed to pay for expansion such as cutbacks in federal funding of states’ uncompensated care programs. They take effect with or without expansion of a state’s Medicaid program. The $5 million in daily federal revenues being rejected by House Republicans would cover these costs, provide Medicaid coverage to 210,000 more Virginians, AND allow Virginia to support pre-kindergarten, schools, pay raises for teachers, our mental health system, and extended line of duty funding for first responders and their families.

Arlingtonians have elected state Delegates and Senators who strongly support Medicaid expansion and have led the debate in supporting this goal. Arlington also voted by a wide margin for Governor McAuliffe, who made Medicaid expansion the centerpiece of his campaign and has worked tirelessly to make it happen.

The decision by Virginia House Republicans to indulge their antipathy toward “Obamacare” by making choices that hurt Arlington and other Virginians is not leadership and is certainly not fiscally responsible.

Terry Savela has resided in Arlington for the past 29 years and has served on numerous County advisory groups. Professionally, she is a federal and state health policy consultant who has specialized in Medicaid.

Don’t Settle for Student Loans to Pay for Online Education

Online college programs are becoming a more popular choice for prospective students, with one study finding that more than 6 million students enrolled in at least one online course in fall 2015. The popularity of these courses can be attributed in part to their flexibility with working adults' schedules, students' ability to progress more quickly through online programs and, oftentimes, cheaper tuition. [See 10 low-cost online bachelor's programs for out-of-state students.]Online degrees can be beneficial to many college students, but some studies have shown online learners complete their programs at lower rates than students at traditional brick-and-mortar campuses. Individuals with student loans but no degree comprise two-thirds of defaulted borrowers. Though these numbers are not encouraging, just like for traditional programs, there are ways to reduce how much you'll need to borrow for an online program to ensure you won't become one of these statistics. Don't just settle on borrowing student loans to cover the whole cost of your program and living expenses. Instead, start thinking about how to cut costs and cover your balance in different ways, such as the following. -- Grants and scholarships: Even though you are taking an online course, you can still apply and receive grants and scholarships. But your first step should be to complete the Free Application for Federal Student Aid, commonly referred to as the FAFSA, which will allow you to receive a Pell Grant if your expected family contribution is low enough. The EFC criteria and award amounts are adjusted annually, but the 2017-2018 academic year awards range from $606 to $5,920, which could significantly lower the amount you borrow annually. Your next step is to apply for scholarships. You can start by checking online scholarship search engines, such as the Salt Scholarship Search, College Board's BigFuture and Peterson's. But don't forget to take advantage of local organizations and your school's financial aid office. Both may offer scholarships that you can't find with a national scholarship search. [Review these 10 sites to kick off your scholarship search.]For instance, organizations like the Elks Club, Knights of Columbus or the Rotary Club typically offer scholarships annually to local students. Just because you're going to school online doesn't mean you're ineligible. Visit your local library for scholarship listings, and ask around town. You might be surprised how many local organizations offer scholarships. While these scholarships typically aren't large, every little bit counts. Each dollar you receive in a scholarship is a dollar you don't have to borrow and pay interest on. -- Work-study: Another option for online students may be work-study awards. Not all students enrolled in online programs are eligible, but students at some schools -- including, for example, SUNY Empire State College and Liberty University -- are. Work-study awards are not given upfront like scholarships and grants. In most cases, they are an offer to earn up to the awarded amount if you secure an eligible work-study job. While there is a misconception that all work-study jobs must be on campus, students can work for off-campus, nonprofit or public employers as long as the work is in the public's interest. You may be able to work for a for-profit employer if the job is relevant to your course of study. No matter who the outside employer is, it will need to have an established agreement with your college for you to receive work-study funds. Remember, to be eligible for federal financial aid, you must be enrolled and pursuing a degree or certificate. If you're not working toward a credential, Pell Grants and work-study won't be option, but you may still be able to take advantage of private scholarships -- just be sure to read the eligibility criteria carefully. [Explore what to know about financial aid in online programs.]-- Pay as you go: One of the great benefits to enrolling online is the flexible schedule, which can allow you to complete your college coursework around your responsibilities. But prospective students often overlook using their part- or full-time job earnings as an option for paying for college. Almost 80 percent of college students in 2015 worked at least part time while attending classes, according to the National Center for Education Statistics. By budgeting and thinking strategically about your college costs, you can likely reduce your dependence on student loans by paying a portion out of pocket. Many -- but not all -- online programs are less expensive than traditional programs and often have shorter payment periods. Six, eight or 10 weeks are common course durations. Because of the frequency of payments in an online setting, you may be well-placed to pay as you go and possibly avoid borrowing altogether. Attending college online and avoiding student loans may be challenging, but if you are willing to put in the effort, you can limit the amount you need to borrow. More from U.S. News Q&A: Understanding Student Loan Discharge Eligibility Student Loan Refinancing Isn't Right for All Borrowers
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